The Evolution Of The Art Of Calligraphy And Its Representation In 16th-Century Tazkiras

Abstract

This article analyzes the historical development stages of the art of calligraphy (kitobat) and its manifestation in 16th-century Central Asian, particularly Uzbek, tazkira (biographical anthology) literature. Initially emerging as a form of writing, the art of calligraphy gradually evolved through distinct historical phases to become a pinnacle of artistic and literary expression. In 16th-century tazkiras, the poetics of calligraphy were vividly reflected through decorative and visual elements within poetic compositions. Using the examples of Hasanxoja Nisoriy’s “Muzakkiri ahbob” and Mutribiy Samarqandi’s “Tazkirat ush-shuaro”, the article explores the literary-aesthetic value of calligraphy and highlights significant insights into the development of written culture and the art of manuscript illumination. The study reveals the role and importance of calligraphy in classical Uzbek literature and its contribution to the shaping of literary and aesthetic thought.