International Scientific and Current Research Conferences

ENHANCING PEDAGOGICAL TOLERANCE: INTEGRATING THEORETICAL MODELS AND PRACTICAL STRATEGIES IN TEACHER EDUCATION

Umarova S.S. — 2024-08-30

This article explores the development and enhancement of pedagogical tolerance among future educators, with a focus on English language teaching. Pedagogical tolerance is conceptualized as the ability of teachers to foster a respectful, inclusive, and supportive learning environment for students from diverse backgrounds.

SPECIFIC FEATURES OF THE LISTENING LEARNING PROCESS IN TEACHING MUSIC THEORY

Xadjabekov Azizbek — 2024-08-30

This study explores the specific features of the listening learning process in teaching music theory, emphasizing its role in enhancing aural skills and theoretical understanding. Through active listening, structured repetition, and reflective practices, students significantly improved their ability to analyze musical elements. The integration of diverse genres and technology enriched the learning experience, while collaborative discussions fostered deeper insights. Reflective journaling promoted metacognition, encouraging students to track their progress. Overall, the findings underscore the effectiveness of a holistic approach to music education, bridging the gap between theory and practice and cultivating confident, skilled musicians.

TRAINING AND PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT OF TEACHERS FOR PHYSICAL EDUCATION BASED ON NATIONAL UPBRINGING

Mаmаtkulоv Mirzаоlim Hаydаrаliyеviсh — 2024-08-30

This article explores the training and professional development of physical education teachers within the context of national education systems. The focus is on strategies that enhance the knowledge, skills, and competencies of educators, aligning with national education goals and standards. The role of continuous professional development, innovative training methods, and the integration of national values in physical education are discussed.

A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF SEMANTIC AND PRAGMATIC FEATURES OF INTERFIXED UNITS IN PEDAGOGICAL DISCOURSE IN ENGLISH AND UZBEK LANGUAGES

Berdiyev S.S — 2024-08-30

This study compares the semantic and pragmatic features of interfixed units in English and Uzbek within pedagogical discourse. Interfixed units, integral to effective communication in educational contexts, are critical in conveying nuanced meanings, facilitating teacher-student interactions, and supporting knowledge transmission. By examining their use across English and Uzbek, this research aims to uncover the cultural and linguistic factors that shape the semantics of these units and influence their pragmatic function in teaching settings. The findings provide insights into the cultural and linguistic distinctions between English and Uzbek educational discourse, offering implications for bilingual education and cross-linguistic understanding.

MODERN APPROACHES OF DIAGNOSTICS METHODS OF FRONTITIS

Sh.A. Shadmanov — 2024-08-30

Inflammatory diseases of the paranasal sinuses (PNS) are the most common among the upper respiratory tract pathologies and account for 87% of all visits to an otolaryngologist. In recent years, there has been an increase in this group of diseases, despite new methods of diagnosis and treatment. In the Russian Federation, about 10 million people suffer from acute rhinosinusitis (RS) annually. Among RS, frontal sinusitis occupies a significant place, which can manifest itself in edematous infiltrative or exudative forms and be aggravated by orbital and intracranial complications.

RESULTS OF MORPHOLOGICAL EXAMINATIONS OF THE NASAL CAVITY MUCOSA AFTER VARIOUS SURGICAL PROCEDURES

N.N. Abdullaeva — 2024-08-30

A significant deviation of the nasal septum is one of the most common local factors that accompanies PN pathology and requires single-stage surgical correction with other anatomical structures. The nasal septum, consisting of the anterior cartilaginous and posterior bone segments, is one of the anatomical structures that occupy a central position in the nasal cavity. The bony part of the septum consists of a perpendicular ethmoidal bone graft and the vomer, while the cartilaginous part consists of a rectangular cartilage. Deformation of the nasal septum causes hypertrophy of the nasal turbinates, vasomotor changes, creates conditions for the development of acute rhinitis and the formation of chronic rhinitis and sinusitis.

MATHEMATICAL AND NUMERICAL MODELS OF THE DEFORMATION PROCESS

Alisherov Akramboy Alisherovich — 2024-08-30

The deformation process of materials under external forces is a fundamental aspect of solid mechanics and engineering. Understanding the behavior of materials during deformation is essential for predicting failure, improving design, and optimizing performance across various industries. This article reviews the mathematical and numerical models used to describe the deformation process, focusing on continuum mechanics, material constitutive laws, finite element analysis (FEA), and other computational methods. The integration of these models in modern engineering tools and their application to real-world problems is also discussed.

LEXICO-PRAGMATIC CHARACTERISTICS OF FAMILY EDUCATION TERMS

Melikova Gavhar — 2024-08-30

This article analyzes the lexical and pragmatic features of terms related to family education. Terms in the field of family education are important in the socialization of a person, in the formation of moral values, and their expression through language reflects the customs and cultural values of society. The article examines the lexical-semantic structure of terms related to family education and their communicative roles in society. At the same time, the cultural connotations of these terms and their pragmatic significance are also considered.

THE ROLE OF MODERN TRENDS IN THE REBRANDING OF MUSEUMS OF UZBEKISTAN

L.T.Jabbarova — 2024-11-15

This article analyzes issues related to the creation of a museum brand. Also, when creating the museum logo, factual materials related to the symbolism of colors and shapes were taken into account.

PROBLEMS OF GIVING NATIONAL MENTALITY IN LITERARY TRANSLATION

Sadinov Oybek Ziyot o'g'li — 2024-08-30

Literary translation plays a crucial role in fostering intercultural communication by introducing one nation's literary and cultural heritage to another. However, one of the most challenging aspects of this process is conveying the national mentality of the source culture. The complexity arises from differences in worldview, traditions, social norms, and linguistic structures. This paper explores the various problems encountered in reflecting national mentality in literary translation, analyzing how language, cultural allusions, idiomatic expressions, and socio-historical contexts contribute to the difficulties. The study proposes strategies and solutions to overcome these challenges, highlighting the importance of cultural sensitivity, linguistic creativity, and collaboration between translators and cultural experts.

EXPLORING CODE-SWITCHING PATTERNS IN BILINGUAL AND MULTILINGUAL CONTEXTS

Mushtariy Rashidova — 2024-08-30

This article explores the phenomenon of code-switching, focusing on its patterns and functions in bilingual and multilingual contexts. Code-switching, the practice of alternating between languages within conversations, serves as a key linguistic tool influenced by social, cognitive, and cultural factors. The study examines different types of code-switching, including intersentential, intrasentential, and tag-switching, and highlights the factors that drive these switches, such as social context, cognitive load, linguistic competence, and cultural identity. Additionally, the article investigates how code-switching operates in specific environments like education, workplace communication, and media. The findings suggest that code-switching is not merely a linguistic anomaly but a reflection of speakers' ability to fluidly integrate multiple languages to express complex ideas, cultural identities, and social relationships. This study contributes to a deeper understanding of linguistic adaptability and has broader implications for language policy, education, and social identity in diverse communities.

THE SOCIO-ECONOMIC SITUATION OF THE KOKAN KHANATE IN THE 18TH-19TH CENTURIES

Temurbek Ochilov — 2024-08-30

This article examines the socio-economic situation of the Kokan Khanate during the 18th and 19th centuries, highlighting its agricultural productivity, trade dynamics, and social hierarchy. The khanate thrived on fertile lands, facilitating robust trade along Silk Road routes, particularly in textiles and agricultural products. However, a rigid social structure limited mobility for the peasant majority. Internal strife among the nobility and external pressures from the Russian Empire ultimately destabilized the khanate, leading to its decline. This analysis underscores the intricate interplay between socio-economic factors and cultural developments that shaped the Kokan Khanate's legacy in Central Asian history.

THE TYPOLOGY OF BUSINESS LETTERS IN ENGLISH AND UZBEK BUSINESS COMMUNICATION

Qodirova Mukaddas Tog‘Ayevna — 2024-08-30

This article examines the typology of business letters in English and Uzbek. Through comparative analysis, the lexical and stylistic differences of each language are identified, as well as the impact of cultural factors. The research findings highlight the unique aspects of the business letter writing culture and important elements for enhancing communication effectiveness.

DEVELOPMENT OF PROFESSIONAL COMPETENCE OF STUDENTS BY MEANS OF EDUCATIONAL PARADIGMS BASED ON ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AS A PEDAGOGICAL PROBLEM

Ochilov Faxriddin Muxammad O'g'li — 2024-08-21

The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into educational paradigms has become increasingly significant in enhancing the professional competence of students. This article explores the pedagogical implications and challenges associated with the use of AI in developing professional competencies. It discusses the theoretical foundations of AI-based educational paradigms, the role of AI in personalized learning, and the potential barriers to effective implementation. The article concludes with recommendations for educators and policymakers to optimize AI's role in fostering professional competence in students.

SMART-EDUCATION AS A FACTOR OF INDEPENDENT WORK

Khurshida Pardaeva — 2024-08-30

The article examines SMART-education as a factor in the implementation of students' independent work in credit-module conditions , as well as analyzing and defining the main concepts of SMART education and showing the relationship between these concepts. Three important aspects of SMART education are highlighted: organizational, technological and pedagogical. The concept of SMART education is currently associated with a number of concepts, many of which do not have the same interpretation. The first pedagogical component of the SMART education structure is SMART education, which consists of 2 different systems: SMART environment; SMART University. A SMART environment can be formed inside and outside the university, we focus on the SMART environment that manifests itself within the university. SMART University consists of three parts: SMART-campus , SMART-teachers , SMART-students. Since all three components are SMART, they must meet strict requirements. Formation of students' ability to work independently is one of the important requirements of SMART education. The SMART education concept is aimed at providing the highest level of knowledge and skills, allowing graduates to prepare competitive specialists, primarily for higher education institutions.

EFFECTIVE TEACHING MATERIALS FOR MULTILEVEL LEARNERS

Vaisova Sumbul Zaripboy qizi — 2024-08-30

Teaching materials play a great role in teaching process, as learners attempt to recognize whole topic through these materials. Therefore, teaching materials should be chosen carefully for learners. At first, their learning strategies, methods and learning types should be discussed.

FEATURES OF TREATMENT OF CHILDREN IN DENTISTRY

Yoldosheva Zilola Guvtali's — 2024-08-30

In modern medicine, pediatric dentistry is a separate area. It includes prevention and treatment of not only erupted baby teeth, but also their rudiments. The specialist also deals with diseases and anomalies of the oral cavity.

COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE CONCEPT OF THE PERFECT MAN IN SUFISM: AZIZ NASAFI, GHAZALI AND RUMI

Jasurbek Abdullayev — 2024-08-30

This article provides a comparative analysis of the concept of the perfect man (al-insan al-kamil) in Sufism, examining the interpretations of three influential Sufi thinkers: Aziz Nasafi, Ghazali, and Rumi. The perfect man represents the ultimate spiritual ideal in Sufi philosophy, embodying virtues and qualities that signify closeness to the divine. Each scholar—Nasafi, known for his systematic theological approach; Ghazali, renowned for his synthesis of theology and mysticism; and Rumi, celebrated for his poetic expression—offers unique insights into the nature and significance of the perfect man within Islamic mysticism. This comparative study explores their perspectives, highlighting both convergences and divergences in their understanding of spiritual perfection.

THE ASSESSMENTS OF ENGLISH-SPEAKING RESEARCHERS ON ADMINISTRATION OF THE FIRST TURKESTAN GENERAL-GOVERNOR K.P VON KAUFMAN

Tursunmetov A. A — 2024-08-30

The article discusses the internal policy of the empire in Turkestan, which is assessed as unsuccessful, ineffective or repressive by both Uzbek and foreign authors [1] There have been presented researchers' assessments of the problem in establishing general imperial norms in the legal regulation of the life of the Turkestan General-Governorate.

SOCIO-ECONOMIC LIFE IN THE SUGDH OASIS

Muradov Shoxruz — 2024-08-30

In this article, socio-economic life in the Sughd oasis during the period of the West Turkic Khanate is analyzed based on historical sources and scientific literature.

THE ROLE OF NATIONAL DISHES AND CULINARY TRADITIONS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF GASTRONOMIC TOURISM

Ozodbek Nematov — 2024-08-30

This article highlights the role of national dishes and cooking traditions in the development of gastronomic tourism, and reflects the state of gastronomic tourism in Jizzakh, Samarkand, Navoi regions.

THE GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS AND CORE PRINCIPLES OF TEACHING COLLOCATION SKILLS IN THE FORMATION OF ENGLISH SPEECH

Alimov Jamshid Ravshanovich — 2024-08-30

This article delves into the essential role of collocation skills in the development of English language proficiency. Collocations, defined as natural word pairings commonly used by native speakers, are crucial for achieving fluency, coherence, and authenticity in both spoken and written English. The article outlines the significance of collocation in language acquisition, categorizing various types such as verb-noun, adjective-noun, and verb-preposition collocations. It further explores the characteristics of effective collocation instruction, emphasizing contextualized learning, the importance of frequency and naturalness, and the integration of these skills into communicative practice. The core principles of teaching collocations include focusing on high-frequency word combinations, ensuring lexical and syntactic appropriateness, and promoting metacognitive awareness in learners. Additionally, the article discusses task-based learning and the use of technology to enhance collocation acquisition. Overall, the article serves as a comprehensive guide for language educators seeking to improve their students' collocational competence and fluency.

SOCIAL-PHILOSOPHICAL, COMPARATIVE-CRITICAL ANALYSIS OF THE CONCEPTS OF PATRIOTISM AND STATELESSNESS

Rahmonov Abrorbek Rustamovich — 2024-08-21

Patriotism and statelessness represent two diametrically opposed concepts in the socio-philosophical discourse. While patriotism is often associated with a deep-seated loyalty to one's nation, statelessness represents the absence of national identity and the rights associated with citizenship. This article aims to provide a comparative-critical analysis of these concepts, examining their social and philosophical underpinnings, implications, and the role they play in shaping individual and collective identities.

INDUSTRIAL ACTIVITY OF NAMANGAN REGION DURING THE SECOND WORLD WAR

Khasanov Bunyod — 2024-08-30

The article covered the fact that during the years of World War II, residents of the Namangan region worked behind the front, sent weapons, ammunition, food and other things, collected money and various valuable items for the Defense Fund and handed over to the front-line Assistance Fund, collected funds from the population for the construction of tanks and aircraft, as well as materially supported families.

INTERPRETATION OF THE PROBLEM OF CREATIVE ABILITIES IN PEDAGOGICAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL SOURCES

Toshboyeva Saidaxon Raxmonberdiyevna — 2024-06-20

The readiness of future teachers for creative activity can only be realized if the educational process of higher educational institutions provides a step-by-step education that reflects the mastery of pedagogical theory, methods and methods of solving professional-pedagogical tasks in a unique way. . Only then will there be opportunities to organize the educational process with new methods and tools, to introduce non-standard approaches to productive activities with students.

DYNAMIC PACKET FILTERING USING MACHINE LEARNING METHODS

Sarvar Norboboyevich Tashev — 2024-08-30

Machine learning methods offer new opportunities for dynamic packet filtering in network security, allowing for more efficient and intelligent decision-making in filtering processes. Traditional packet filtering techniques often rely on static rules, which may not adequately respond to evolving threats or adapt to changing network conditions. Machine learning approaches enable the filtering system to learn from traffic patterns, identify anomalies, and improve filtering accuracy over time.

USING TECHNOLOGY TO SUPPORT COMMUNICATIVE LANGUAGE TEACHING

Yakubova Mashhura — 2024-08-30

This article explores the role of technology in enhancing Communicative Language Teaching (CLT), a method focused on interaction as both the means and goal of language learning. By integrating digital tools, educators can foster a more interactive, immersive, and engaging environment for language learners. Technology offers a range of resources—from online platforms and language apps to social media and virtual simulations—that enable real-time communication, collaboration, and cultural exchange. This paper discusses the benefits, challenges, and future prospects of using technology in CLT and offers practical recommendations for teachers aiming to incorporate digital resources into their instructional practices. The study concludes that while technology can significantly bolster CLT, educators should be mindful of ensuring that technological use aligns with CLT’s core principles to achieve meaningful learning outcomes.

CURRENT ISSUES IN UZBEK LINGUISTICS REGARDING ADVERBS

Nodirbek Khabibullaev Nosirjon ogli — 2024-08-30

Idioms are among the words with complex content. The presence of aggregates in the composition causes their composition to be complicated. The question of the creation of words of this category has long been controversial in Uzbek linguistics. This article is devoted to these issues. The author has researched reliable sources of behaviour and presented his personal conclusions in this small study.

THE CONCEPTOSPHERE OF IGNORANCE IN THE INTERPRETATION OF WORLD LINGUISTS

Shamshiyeva Saodat Saydumarjon Qizi — 2024-08-30

The concept of ignorance holds a significant place within human cognition, impacting communication, learning, and social interaction. This article aims to explore the **conceptosphere** of ignorance as interpreted by world linguists. By analyzing the etymological, semantic, and cognitive aspects of ignorance across various languages and cultures, the paper highlights how linguistic interpretations shape our understanding of ignorance. The interdisciplinary approach combines insights from linguistics, cognitive science, and cultural studies to emphasize the global nuances surrounding ignorance in both individual and collective consciousness.

MODERN APPROACHES OF ETIOLOGICAL FACTORS OF CYST MAXILLO-FACIAL SINUSES

Mirzayev S.P. — 2024-09-05

Upper jaw sinus cysts are a very common disease, often an accidental clinical find upon radiography and computed tomography of the paranasal sinuses. At the same time, there are few reports in the literature about the location of cysts in the frontal and ponal cavities. It is especially difficult to diagnose the cysts of the wedge-shaped cavity, as known radiographic arrangements do not allow them to be diagnosed. The problem of diagnosing paranasal sinus cysts was solved by implementing computed tomography into practice.

EXHIBITION ACTIVITIES OF THE DIRECTORATE OF ART EXHIBITIONS OF UZBEKISTAN

Zukhra Zainutdinova — 2024-08-30

The main activity of the Art Exhibitions Directorate is the organization of exhibitions. Despite the large fund, exhibitions do not consist only of works from the fund, but are considered part of the exhibition activities of the Directorate. Since its establishment, the Directorate has provided organizations with interesting works of art and organized art exhibitions in cooperation with leading organizations.

Exhibitions held from the time of its establishment (1959) until independence (1991) can be divided into several types. Important exhibitions of the Directorate include all-Union exhibitions, exhibitions from the series of artists of Uzbekistan and, of course, traveling exhibitions consisting of works stored in the fund.

PEDAGOGICAL FOUNDATIONS OF SOLVING LINEAR ALGEBRA PROBLEMS IN MATCAD

Rabbimova Sevara — 2024-08-30

Linear algebra is a foundational subject in higher mathematics, crucial for many applied sciences, including engineering, physics, and computer science. The integration of technology, particularly MATCAD software, offers unique opportunities for enhancing the learning and problem-solving experience in this area. This article explores the pedagogical foundations of using MATCAD software to solve linear algebra problems. It focuses on the didactic advantages, the development of student competencies, and the potential for fostering deeper conceptual understanding through technology.

SPECIFIC ASPECTS OF MODERN UZBEK LITERATURE

Ozoda Zuparova — 2024-08-30

This study explores the specific aspects of modern Uzbek literature, focusing on its thematic diversity, prominent authors, and the socio-political context shaping contemporary narratives. Utilizing a mixed-methods approach, the research investigates key themes such as national identity, the legacy of the Soviet era, gender issues, and urbanization. Findings reveal that modern Uzbek literature serves as a critical reflection of societal changes, with a significant emphasis on cultural heritage and identity among both authors and readers. The emergence of female voices, represented by writers like Shahruzoda, highlights a shift towards inclusivity and the exploration of gender dynamics. Additionally, authors such as Jasur Murodov depict the complexities of urban life, illustrating the challenges of modernity while maintaining cultural roots. The research also emphasizes the impact of socio-political changes on literary expression, revealing how contemporary writers engage with historical narratives to address current issues. By analyzing both literary texts and author perspectives through interviews and focus groups, this study underscores the importance of modern Uzbek literature in fostering dialogue about identity, belonging, and social change. The findings contribute to a deeper understanding of the evolving literary landscape in Uzbekistan, showcasing the richness and resilience of its cultural expression in a globalized world. As contemporary writers continue to navigate the complexities of their environment, modern Uzbek literature emerges as a vital part of the national discourse, inspiring future generations and enriching the global literary community.

ACTIVATION OF STUDENTS' COGNITIVE ACTIVITY IN SCHOOL BIOLOGY EDUCATION

Xonnazarova Saltanat To‘Lqinovna — 2024-08-30

This article explores strategies and methodologies for activating students' cognitive activity in school biology education. The study emphasizes the importance of engaging students through problem-solving, inquiry-based learning, and interactive teaching techniques to enhance their understanding and retention of biological concepts. The role of modern pedagogical tools, such as digital resources, experiments, and collaborative activities, is also highlighted as a means of fostering students' curiosity and deep cognitive engagement. The findings offer practical recommendations for teachers to create effective biology lessons that promote active learning.

TECHNICAL STRUCTURE OF VIRTUAL LABORATORY COMPLEXES

Abdurakhmanov Zokhidjon — 2024-08-30

This article presents the technical structure of conducting laboratory training in the field of "Automobile theory", which is considered the main basic science for the educational direction of transport engineering, in the context of the TechVLab program.

DEVELOPMENT OF ORAL SPEECH OF STUDENTS THROUGH PASSING A FAIRY TALE IN PRIMARY CLASS READING LESSONS

Tilavova Gulchekhra Kholmanovna — 2024-08-30

One of the reasons why the genre of fairy tales in folklore is well received and read by children is the impressiveness, sharpness, meaning and closeness of the language of fairy tales. Goes.

RESULTS OF JOINT SURGICAL PROCEDURES IN NASAL CAVITY PATHOLOGIES

N.N. Abdullaeva — 2024-08-30

Diseases of the nose and paranasal sinuses are the leading pathology of ENT organs, the causes of which are the widespread prevalence of viral respiratory tract injuries, the unfavorable environmental situation in many regions, a decrease in immunity, smoking, and the influence of harmful occupational factors. In addition, congenital or acquired anatomical changes, such as deformation of the nasal septum, hypertrophy of the nasal turbinates, polyps, adenoids, etc., play an important role in the pathogenesis of this pathology. Simultaneous operations (from English "simultaneous" - simultaneously) are complex surgical operations aimed at simultaneous surgical correction of two or more diseases of various organs in one or more anatomical areas. Simultaneous surgeries are particularly important in cases where there is a pathogenetic link between two surgical diseases.

LINGO-CULTURAL AND LINGUOPRAGMATIC CHARACTERISTICS OF THE CATEGORY "RESPECT" IN ENGLISH

Ataniyazova Sohiba Ataboyevna — 2024-08-30

This article explores the lingo-cultural and linguopragmatic characteristics of the category "respect" in English. The concept of "respect" is fundamental to human interaction and plays a significant role in the cultural and social norms of communication. By analyzing the linguistic expressions, pragmatics, and cultural manifestations of "respect" in English-speaking societies, this article aims to provide insights into how respect is conceptualized, communicated, and interpreted. The research focuses on both the linguistic structures and cultural values that shape the pragmatic use of respect in various contexts.

THE ROLE OF THE HOLY ALLIANCE IN COUNTERING REVOLUTIONARY MOVEMENTS IN EUROPE

Axmadov Sherzod — 2024-08-30

The Holy Alliance, formed in 1815 by Russia, Austria, and Prussia, played a pivotal role in shaping the political landscape of 19th-century Europe. Conceived as a coalition to suppress revolutionary and nationalist movements that threatened the conservative monarchical order, the Alliance sought to maintain the status quo in Europe following the Napoleonic Wars. This thesis examines the ideological motivations, key actions, and outcomes of the Holy Alliance's policies in Europe, focusing on how it intervened in states where revolutionary sentiment was rising. It delves into specific events, such as the revolts in Spain, Italy, and the German states, analyzing the Alliance's influence on these uprisings and the long-term implications for European stability. Through an exploration of primary sources and historical accounts, this thesis argues that while the Holy Alliance succeeded in temporarily preserving monarchical rule, it ultimately catalyzed the growth of nationalist and liberal movements, inadvertently setting the stage for future upheaval. This study contributes to a nuanced understanding of the complex dynamics between conservative and revolutionary forces in 19th-century Europe.

THE ESTABLISHMENT OF THE SIRDARYA REGION HISTORY AND CULTURE MUSEUM IN THE FORMER HOUSE OF ALIKSEVSKY

F.N. Turgunova — 2024-08-30

This article discusses the establishment of the Sirdarya region, the activities of museums related to cultural heritage sites, and the establishment and development of the Sirdarya Region History and Culture Museum, including thoughts and suggestions for further improvements.

SOCIAL FACTORS OF HUMAN TRAFFICKING IN UZBEKISTAN: A SOCIO-ECONOMIC AND CULTURAL PERSPECTIVE

Ziyoda Farkhodova — 2024-08-30

Human trafficking is a global issue that affects numerous countries, including Uzbekistan. This article examines the social factors contributing to human trafficking in Uzbekistan, focusing on economic vulnerability, migration patterns, cultural dynamics, and legal inadequacies. By analyzing the complex web of causes, this study offers a comprehensive overview of the societal challenges that exacerbate trafficking and proposes measures for prevention and protection of vulnerable populations.

PERSONAL EDUCATION TRAJECTORIES IN HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS AND THEIR SIGNIFICANCE IN THE EDUCATIONAL PROCESS

Nishonov, Farkhod Musazhonovich — 2024-08-30

The article analyzes the need to introduce individual learning trajectories in higher education institutions and their role in the educational process. In the process of transition to person-oriented educational standards, the issues of individual characteristics of students and expansion of opportunities to choose the path of personal development are highlighted. The importance of socio-economic, individual-personal and motivational factors is studied in the process of creating individual educational trajectories. The article also discusses the importance of personalized learning trajectories in increasing students' motivation to study and facilitating personal development.

MODERN METHODS OF TEACHING FOREIGN LANGUAGES

Oybek Rashov — 2024-08-30

This article explores modern methods of teaching foreign languages, highlighting approaches such as Communicative Language Teaching, Task-Based Language Teaching, and Content and Language Integrated Learning. Emphasizing active student engagement and practical communication skills, these methods leverage technology and authentic materials to enhance language acquisition. The study examines the effectiveness of these approaches, noting improvements in student proficiency and motivation. However, challenges such as classroom management and equitable access to technology are also addressed. Ultimately, the article advocates for ongoing teacher training and adaptation of methodologies to create inclusive and dynamic language learning environments in a globalized context.

BORDER PROBLEMS OF AFGHANISTAN AT THE END OF THE 19TH CENTURY - THE EARLY OF THE 20TH CENTURY

Yulduz Akramova — 2024-08-30

XIX century the end of the 20th century in their heads Afghanistan state big countries for important strategic area as Russia empire and Great Britain by deep learn started First of all , Afghanistan internal and external issues intervention to strengthen tried . In this matter of Afghanistan army situation , arming and of the military knowledge potential about information collect and learning politics level rose . In this regard Russia empire by organize done expeditions , ambassador and general - governors to Afghanistan visit during collected open and confidential data very big important have Great Britain organize reached Ost - India company by many visits done is increased and of Afghanistan population , trade - sales and economic level about valuable data collected . Afghanistan the state is also the XIX century in the middle military to the matter big attention towards started this main reasons one Russia and Great Britain such as colonialist of states Central Asia to the state interest and pressing to get attempts was.

DEVELOPMENT OF CREATIVITY IN THE SUBJECT OF "TECHNOLOGY" IN SECONDARY SCHOOLS

Qurbonov Dilshod Xazratovich — 2024-08-21

The development of creativity is a crucial educational goal in modern pedagogy, particularly in the context of secondary school education. This article explores the role of the "Technology" subject in fostering creativity among students. By analyzing pedagogical approaches, instructional strategies, and the curriculum, this study aims to provide insights into how creativity can be effectively nurtured within the framework of "Technology" education.

CRITICAL RISK FACTORS FOR THE EMERGENCE OF DIABETES MELLITUS DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC

Nodirjon F. Ruzimurodov — 2024-08-30

The COVID-19 pandemic has been associated with significant metabolic disturbances, including an increased incidence of diabetes mellitus (DM). This paper explores the critical risk factors contributing to the emergence of DM during the pandemic, emphasizing the role of both direct and indirect mechanisms. The interplay between viral infection, inflammatory responses, and disruptions to glucose homeostasis is examined, alongside the impact of lockdown measures on lifestyle behaviors such as physical activity, diet, and mental health. Additionally, the influence of pre-existing conditions, stress-induced hyperglycemia, corticosteroid treatments, and potential genetic predispositions are discussed. By identifying these risk factors, this study aims to provide insights into the prevention and management of DM in post-pandemic healthcare systems.

SPECIFIC ASPECTS OF TOURISM DEVELOPMENT IN NAMANGAN REGION

Mamajanov Ravshabjon Isroiljon ogli — 2024-08-30

This article examines the specific aspects of tourism development in the Namangan region of Uzbekistan. Namangan, located in the fertile Fergana Valley, has significant potential for tourism growth due to its rich cultural heritage, natural landscapes, and traditional craftsmanship. The study explores the current state of tourism in the region, identifies unique attractions, and highlights opportunities and challenges for further development. Emphasis is placed on strategies for enhancing eco-tourism, promoting local traditions, and improving infrastructure. The article concludes with recommendations for sustainable tourism development that can boost the region's economy while preserving its cultural and natural resources.

METHODOLOGY OF TEACHING UZBEK DANCES

Muratova Sabohat Choriyevna — 2024-08-30

This article is about the uzbek dance training method. More broadly, it is argued that the process of mastering actions should be done on a scientific basis, as strict rules should be followed when errors are detected in the future so as not to teach repeatedly.

OF BABUR'S BATTLES OF PANIPAT AND SIKRI BY FOREIGN HISTORIANS SOME CONSIDERATIONS AND VICTORY FACTORS OPEN ISSUED

Nurov Arslon — 2024-08-30

In the article, the great king and poet Zahiriddin Muhammad Babur's military battle art, especially his battles of Panipat and Sikri, the most important battles in the conquest of India, their winning factors are revealed. Also in the article about these battles some Indian and Europe of historians thought and comments too cited, sources compared with each other.

PSYCHOLOGICAL FOUNDATIONS OF DEVELOPING SELF-CONFIDENCE

A. Daukeeva — 2024-08-30

This article presents the psychological foundations of developing self-confidence through the analysis of one’s experiences, results, and emotions, identifying one’s strengths and weaknesses, as well as recognizing individual abilities.

A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF MENASIVE SPEECH ACTS IN ENGLISH AND UZBEK AND THE CHALLENGES THEY PRESENT

Shohsanamxon O'rinova — 2024-08-30

This paper examines the complexities of menasive speech acts in English and Uzbek, highlighting the potential pitfalls and issues that arise from their contrasting cultural and linguistic underpinnings. The study analyzes the differences in directness, individualism versus collectivism, the use of figurative language, and the importance of relationship building in persuasion. Through a comparative analysis of examples and theoretical frameworks, the article argues that cultural and linguistic barriers can lead to misinterpretations, communication breakdowns, and strained relationships. The paper concludes with recommendations for overcoming these challenges and fostering effective cross-cultural communication in persuasive contexts.

CONSEQUENCES OF THE FRANCO-PRUSSIAN WAR FOR EUROPE

Iroda Rakhimova — 2024-08-30

The Franco-Prussian War (1870-1871) significantly reshaped Europe, leading to the unification of Germany and the decline of French power. The Treaty of Frankfurt resulted in France ceding Alsace and Lorraine, fostering a spirit of revanchism. Politically, the war catalyzed realignments in alliances, notably the Franco-Russian Alliance. Socially, it intensified nationalism in both nations, with Germany embracing militarism and France experiencing political instability exemplified by the Paris Commune. Economically, Germany benefited from industrial growth, while France faced challenges. These consequences laid the groundwork for the tensions that ultimately contributed to the outbreak of World War I.

THE HISTORY OF JUSTICE BODIES IN UZBEKISTAN: ADDRESSING POPULATION APPEALS DURING THE SOVIET PERIOD

Bunyodbek Shamsutdinov — 2024-08-30

This study explores the activities of justice bodies in Uzbekistan during the Soviet period, focusing on how they addressed appeals from the population. It examines the mechanisms available for citizens to seek justice, including written petitions and local grievance committees, and highlights the systemic challenges they faced, such as bureaucratic inefficiency, corruption, and political repression. Case studies illustrate the limitations of the justice system, revealing a pervasive lack of accountability. The findings underscore the enduring legacy of this era on contemporary perceptions of justice in Uzbekistan, emphasizing the need for reform and the establishment of a more independent judiciary.

DEVELOPMENT OF CREATIVE SKILLS RELATED TO PROFESSIONS IN THE RESEARCH OF WORLD SCIENTISTS

Egamqulov Maxmud Saidqulovich — 2024-08-21

The development of creative skills is increasingly recognized as essential in various professional fields. This article reviews the contributions of global research towards understanding and enhancing creative skills in professional contexts. The analysis focuses on the methodologies employed by scientists across different disciplines, the factors influencing creative development, and the implications for education and industry. The findings underscore the importance of fostering creativity as a core competency in the modern workforce.

EMBASSY RELATIONS BETWEEN THE EMIRATE OF BUKHARA AND THE RUSSIAN EMPIRE DURING THE INVASION OF TURKESTAN: AN ANALYSIS OF THE HISTORIOGRAPHY OF THE PERIOD OF INDEPENDENCE

S.A. Hamraev — 2024-08-30

This article analyzes the level of study of the embassy relations during the time of the Russian Empire's invasion of the Bukhara Emirate and the ongoing military operations between the two countries. Also, the nature of negotiations during diplomatic relations and the approaches to it are highlighted.

EXPERIENCE IN DEVELOPING LEADERSHIP COMPETENCIES OF SENIOR STAFF IN TOP 1000 HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS

Pardayev Obid — 2024-08-30

Leadership competencies are crucial for the effective management and success of higher education institutions (HEIs). In top-ranked institutions, particularly those listed in the Top 1000 universities globally, the development of these competencies among senior staff plays a pivotal role in maintaining academic excellence, innovation, and organizational growth. This article explores the experiences, methodologies, and strategies employed by top-ranked HEIs in developing leadership competencies among senior staff. It examines key programs, initiatives, and outcomes, providing a framework for other institutions aiming to enhance their leadership capabilities.

ENHANCING COMPETENCE IN ORGANIZATIONAL DEVELOPMENT: A COMPREHENSIVE STUDY OF GROUP CONSULTANTS

S.Z.Makhmudova — 2024-08-30

The term organizational development (OD) has been in vogue for more than forty years, and consultants have intensified their activities since the 1990s. OD can be understood as an applied behavioral science and is described as the planned approach to change management that aims to maintain, as well as enhance, the effectiveness and health of the organization. Hence, it involves interventions undertaken in an organization to move the organization and its members from where they are to where they want to be. The purpose of planned OD interventions is to ensure changes to a recalibrated organization – that is, from negativism to positivity – and to see what is there instead of what is not there in the organization. The ultimate goal of the field is to improve the effectiveness, productivity, quality, and performance of individual and collective systems. This could happen from either a micro- or a macro-organizational perspective.

The role of the OD consultant closely relates to the broad range of trends and challenges that are shaping organizations. The various types of consultants operate within different organizational levels, and they have been known as, for example, clinical therapists, managers, administrators, executive coaches, advisers, and indeed, also researchers. Hence, the impact each of them has on the client is, at least to some extent, defined by the role the consultant adopts and the area in which he or she is working within the client organization. Therefore, there seem to be certain competencies required for them to be successful interventionists and to develop the organization. Many high-cost interventions have not provided the results that companies expected initially. Therefore, it could be possible that transitions are not managed well, and corruption could have resulted in the shortage of profound experts in the fellowship.

AESTHETIC EDUCATION AS PART OF GENERAL EDUCATION

Tleumuratova Zulfiya Maksetovna — 2024-08-30

Aesthetic education is an important component of general education, playing a key role in the formation of a harmonious personality. It contributes not only to the development of aesthetic tastes but also to emotional maturity, creative abilities, and an increased level of cultural awareness. Incorporating aesthetic aspects into education enhances the perception of art, nature, as well as moral and ethical values. Aesthetic education is a vital tool in shaping spiritual culture, the ability for self-expression, and understanding the world through art.

THE IMPORTANCE OF LISTENING COMPREHENSION IN LEARNING ENGLISH

Ozoda Khaydarova — 2024-08-30

Listening comprehension is crucial in learning English, serving as the foundation for effective communication and language acquisition. This study highlights significant improvements in learners' comprehension skills through targeted listening activities and diverse audio materials. Participants demonstrated increased confidence and proficiency, particularly in navigating different accents and speech rates. The findings underscore the importance of incorporating varied listening exercises into language curricula to address common challenges and enhance overall communicative competence. Prioritizing listening comprehension not only accelerates language development but also prepares learners for successful interactions in English-speaking environments, fostering personal, academic, and professional growth.

THE IMPORTANCE OF INTEGRATIVE EDUCATIONAL TECHNOLOGIES IN ACCELERATING THE PEDAGOGICAL PROCESS

Shodiev Muxiddin Berdimuratovich — 2024-06-20

Education can achieve its goals only when it is deeply connected with science, production, social life—in short, with real-life applications—and is fully integrated with internal and related sectors. A state that ensures the deep, continuous interaction between science, education, upbringing, and the economy, and applies it across all areas of society, is the one that achieves progress. In this regard, significant efforts are being made in the field of education in our country.

ENVIRONMENTAL CRISIS OF THE ARAL SEA AND ITS INFLUENCE ON THE NATURAL GEOGRAPHICAL CONDITIONS OF UZBEKISTAN

Qudratov Shahboz Mahmud O'g'li — 2024-08-30

The environmental crisis of the Aral Sea, once one of the largest inland water bodies in the world, represents a significant ecological catastrophe. This article explores the historical context of the Aral Sea's desiccation, analyzing its consequences on the natural geographical conditions of Uzbekistan. The research examines how this crisis has reshaped the region’s climate, soil composition, biodiversity, and human health. Furthermore, it highlights the impact on local economies, particularly agriculture and fisheries, and evaluates national and international efforts to mitigate the damage.

WAYS TO IMPROVE THE STUDENTS' WRITTEN AND ORAL SPEECH IN THE PRIMARY CLASS LITERACY TEACHING PROCESS

Tilavova Gulchekhra Kholmanovna — 2024-08-30

The article talks about the formation of oral and written speech, didactic games, and the integration of oral and written speech of students during the training of primary school specialists. goes.

ANALYSIS OF EXCLAMATION WORDS IN ENGLISH AND UZBEK

G'ulomov Jamshidbek Islomjon O'g'li — 2024-08-30

This paper explores the exclamation words in both English and Uzbek languages, focusing on their linguistic structure, use, and cultural implications. Exclamations, often used to express strong emotions such as surprise, anger, joy, or disbelief, vary significantly between languages due to cultural and linguistic differences. The study aims to provide a comparative analysis of exclamation words in English and Uzbek, highlighting their roles in communication, their grammatical properties, and their contextual applications. Through this analysis, we seek to gain insights into the commonalities and divergences in how speakers of these languages express emotions.

THE MAGIC HAT: AN EXPLORATION OF KHUDOYBERDI TUKHTABOEV’S TALE

Inomjon Amirkulov — 2024-08-30

This analysis of Khudoyberdi Tukhtaboev’s "Magic Hat" explores the central theme of power and responsibility through the protagonist's journey. The narrative illustrates how magical abilities can lead to both positive and negative outcomes, emphasizing the importance of ethical decision-making. Tukhtaboev employs vivid imagery and rich phraseological forms, using the hat as a powerful symbol of choice and consequence. The story ultimately serves as a moral allegory, inviting readers to reflect on their values and the impact of their actions within a community. This exploration highlights the timeless relevance of Tukhtaboev’s work in addressing universal human experiences.

SCIENTIFIC-THEORETICAL BASES OF ASSESSMENT OF STUDENTS’ KNOWLEDGE OF SPECIFIC SUBJECTS

Elliyev Hamza Quvvatovich — 2024-08-30

Analyzing concrete and methodological pedagogical literature in this article, we are convinced that control plays an important role in the teaching process, because it helps to identify and correct gaps in the study of concrete subjects program material, activates the learning activity of students, develops cognitive interest in science, improves the quality of education and upbringing.

COMPONENT PARTS AND PRACTICAL STATUS OF SPECIFIC COMPETENCES FOR FUTURE TEACHERS

Yuldashev Sardorxan Rashitxon O‘G‘Li — 2024-08-30

In this article, the formation of theoretical knowledge and pedagogical possibilities of the structural structure of special competencies and the specific characteristics and role of its practical situation, the highest professional competence in the educational process, it is also about having creative, communicative, innovative, informational, methodical and psychological components.

DEVELOPMENT OF CREATIVE COMPETENCIES OF FUTURE BIOLOGY STUDENTS AS A PEDAGOGICAL PROBLEM

Kholmurodova Ozoda Suvonkulovna — 2024-08-30

some problems and solutions in improving the methodology of developing creative competencies of future biology teachers by solving problems and exercises from biology are described.

TRANSACTION CULTURE IS AN IMPORTANT ELEMENT OF ETHICAL CULTURE

Charos Mirzaeva — 2024-08-30

The article deals with the role and importance of the culture of interaction, which is one of the most important elements in the family.

THE IMPORTANCE OF BASIC LITERARY COMPETENCES

Isabayeva Asida Yusufjonovna — 2024-08-30

The concept of literary competence encompasses the knowledge and skills required to comprehend, interpret, and appreciate literary texts. This article explores the importance of basic literary competences in the educational context and beyond. We will examine the role these competences play in fostering critical thinking, creativity, cultural understanding, and emotional intelligence. Moreover, the article will outline strategies for cultivating these competences in educational settings, emphasizing the need for an integrative approach to literature education. The significance of basic literary competences in today’s rapidly changing, media-saturated world will also be highlighted.

ETHICAL PRINCIPLES AND LABOR RELATIONS: LEGAL AND SOCIAL INTERACTIONS

Sattarov Shomurod Zakirovich — 2024-08-30

The dynamics of modern labor relations are shaped by the interplay of ethical principles, legal frameworks, and social interactions. This article explores the role of ethics in establishing harmonious labor relations, examines the legal structures that uphold these principles, and discusses the social implications of ethical practices in the workplace. By analyzing contemporary challenges and proposing actionable strategies, this article emphasizes the need for a balanced approach to fostering a fair and productive work environment.

MOBILE LEARNING: THE INNOVATIVE LEARNING METHOD OF THE FUTURE

Haydarova Surayyo — 2024-08-30

This in the article the future education mobile education method , his advantages , disadvantages about word is conducted.