ECOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT OF PESTICIDE USE IN THE REPUBLIC OF KARAKALPAKSTAN
Keywords:
Karakalpakstan, pesticides, environmental contaminationAbstract
This study analyzes the extensive use of pesticides in Karakalpakstan from 1980 to 2000, with a recorded application of 75.8 kg/ha based on 100% active ingredient. The peak years for pesticide usage were 1981, 1982, 1986, 1987, and 1990, followed by a gradual decline starting in 1995. The most common types were inorganic metal-containing compounds (61.18%) and halogen-substituted anilides of carboxylic acids (14.5%), while organophosphorus and organochlorine pesticides constituted smaller shares. Recent environmental studies, including collaborative research by "Doctors Without Borders" and the WHO European Centre for Environment and Health, revealed critically high contamination levels in food products rich in lipids—such as mutton fat, chicken fat, eggs, and cottonseed oil. These findings highlight the urgent need to prioritize food safety, as over 90% of human exposure to pesticides comes from food consumption.
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